Very low pay versus market, especially when compared to responsibilities and work load. Raises are either non-existent or close enough to zero to be offensive.
From what I can tell, the organization is a mess structurally. There's no clear chain of command, and people/groups have overlapping responsibilities. The opinions of those people/groups drives changes within the company, and those opinions often conflict. People doing the actual work end up with repetitive tasks solely due to failure of leadership and management.
There's a constant flood of new ideas (assuming coming from leadership) that cause current projects to be rushed to completion and all backlog of tasks to be pushed back. This is where some sort of proper leadership or management would be beneficial. Leadership and management is a huge weak point of the company. Combine an unfiltered flood of new tasks, often conflicting, with a lack of leadership, and the end result is a burned out, resentful workforce. The employees doing the actual work end up taking on the responsibility of the people who should be supporting and helping them develop professionally. Management seems to be struggling as well. So I do not really see them as the source of the issue. The problems appear to be systemic and cascading from the top.
The company is filled with people who cannot adapt to new challenges and use existing tools to solve new problems they encounter in their everyday work. A large number of employees do not attempt to figure out their own solutions to problems. They make it someone else's problems. Inevitably, this means problems get passed top-down until it reaches someone willing to put in the effort to figure it.